Result of the study revealed that there were three strategies of ‘direct, indirect, and adjunct to refusal’ used by participants in responding the invitation. Taxonomy of refusal proposed by Beebe, Takahashi, and Uliss-Weltz (1990) was applied to recognize refusal strategies used by participants. Discourse completion task (DCT) containing an invitation using three sociocultural aspects of low power (-P), low distance (-D), and low rank of imposition (-R) was used to elicit participants’ refusal strategies. Sixty students majoring in Tourism were involved in the project. Specifically, it was focused on researching strategies of refusal used by the participant, emerging frequency of each strategies, as well as appropriateness and accuracy of each strategy used. The study aimed at investigating refusal strategies performed by foreign learners of Indonesian language. Data analysis showed that the research participants were more competent pragmatically upon the treatment, indicated with the fact where they were able to produce 13 request modification patterns being compared to 11 patterns prior to the treatment. The data of request utterances was analyzed and compared with request taxonomies proposed by some scholars.
The situation was chosen based on exemplar generation¹ model. Pretest was given prior to and post-test was given upon treatment. low imposing request (R-Rq) and high imposing request (R+ Rq). The participants were given two tests using two role play cards with two hotel-context request situations, i.e. A group of 23 college students majoring in tourism was involved as research participants.
This study was aimed at investigating request modification produced by Indonesian English speakers. There has been much attention given by scholars to the investigation of inter-language pragmatics (ILP), and some of them have been concentrating on how ILP speakers modify their speech acts (SA) of request.
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